The following step-by-step instructions and screenshots are based on the Windows 10 operating system with the Windows Classic desktop theme and ArcGIS Pro 2.1.3 software. If your personal system configuration varies, you may experience minor differences from the instructions and screenshots. PART I: Install the R-ArcGIS bridge - Download R and RStudio
First of all, you need to download and set up R and RStudio (RStudio is a free integrated development environment for R).
R link (recommend to download R 3.2.2 or later): https://cran.mtu.edu/bin/windows/base/
R Studio link: https://rstudio.com/products/rstudio/download/
For both, accept all defaults in the installation wizard.
- Prepare data on Houston crime statistics
Though you can Google search Houston crime GIS data and find the shapefile (with the link: https://cohgis-mycity.opendata.arcgis.com/datasets/hpd-nibrs-crime), it only contains around 4,000 cases, which is far from complete. As a remedy, we need to download the data from Houston Crime Statistics (with the link: https://www.houstontx.gov/police/cs/Monthly_Crime_Data_by_Street_and_Police_Beat.htm). For example, we can focus on the data of year 2020 till end of May (see the following screenshot).
Note that the data is in .xlsx format. We need to save it as .csv file and then geocode the addresses to make it a shapefile. You need to use credits for geocoding in ArcGIS Pro. For convenience, I have already downloaded the data (and cleaned a little in terms of addresses) and geocoded it into a shapefile. You can downloaded the .rar file attaced here houston-crime.gdb-sample.rar and proceed. Notice that, for simplicity, I only use the crime cases of the first 10 days of year 2020, that is, dating from January 1, 2020 to January 210, 2020 (I choose 10 days because the step in Part II using Create Space Time Cube by Aggregating Points requires at least 10 time step intervals (in this case, it requires at least 10 days if the time step interval is set as 1 day).
- Create a new project in ArcGIS Pro
As mentioned above, download the houston-crime.gdb-sample.rar file.
Locate the downloaded file on your computer and extract its contents to a folder named houston-crime-sample in a location of your choice. Open the houston-crime-sample and you will see houston-crime.gdb, the geodatabase which has crime data that you will add to a map.
Start ArcGIS Pro. Under New, click Map. In the Create a New Project window, for Name, type Houston Crime Analysis. For Location, browse to and choose your houston-crime-sample folder. Uncheck Create a new folder for this project. Click OK, then the project is created.
In the Catalog pane, on the Project tab, expand Folders and expand the houston-crime-sample folder. Expand the houston-crime.gdb geodatabase, right-click the Houston_Crimes_Sample feature class, and choose Add To Current Map. As described above, this map shows locations where crimes occurred from January 1, 2020 through January 10, 2020 in the greater Houston area. This is only a small sample for crime analysis, but the general procedure is the same. You can apply this tutorial for larger data sets of crime statistics.
- Install the R-ArcGIS bridge: automatical method/manual method
Manual method: https://github.com/R-ArcGIS/r-bridge-install
PART II: Basic statistical analysis - Project the shapefile
- Aggregate point data by counts within a defined location
- Analyze crime hot spots: One step forward
PART III: Enhance the dataset with additional attributes - Add additional attributes to the original dataset
- Further prepare the dataset
PART IV (KEY SECTION): Conduct statistical analysis using R and ArcGIS Pro - Bridge your data into R
- Calculate smoothed crime rates
- Continue analysis in ArcGIS Pro
- Identify areas with unusually high crime rates
PART V (KEY SECTION): Identify attributes that influence crime - Create a correlation matrix in R to evaluate attribute relationships
|