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1. In a web browser, go to the University of Pittsburgh Comparative Archaeology Database at http://www.cadb.pitt.edu/.
2. Click Datasets by Goegraphic Region >>.
3. Scroll down to the CENTRAL AMERICA section.
4. Click the dataset assigned to your project group: Río Tonosí Valley, San Ramón de Alajuela, Masaya, OR Volcán Barú. (NOTE: The demonstration was performed using Upper Térraba.)
5. Scroll down to THE DATASET section.

6. Under the Spatial Information section, there is a paragraph describing the coordinate system used in the AutoCAD files. Record this information, if available, as shown below.

    

   Info

   Project Site	Coordinate System Description
   Masaya	UTM Zone 16 P (units are meters) based on the WGS84 datum
   San Ramón de Alajuela	None listed
   Río Tonosí Valley	UTM Zone 17 N (units are in meters) based on the WGS84 datum
   Upper Térraba	Costa Rica national mapping grid system: CRTM05
   Volcán Barú	None listed

7. Under the Spatial Information section, click the link containing your collection lots.
   

   Info

   
   

   Project Site	Link to Spatial Collection Lot Data
   Masaya	Collection lots
   San Ramón de Alajuela	Spatial Information
   Río Tonosí Valley	Survey collection lots
   Upper Térraba	Collection lots
   Volcán Barú	Sites Map

8. Scroll to the bottom of the webpage and click the DXF file link to download.
9. On the browser, click the back button to return to your main dataset webpage.
10. Under the Numeric Data section, click ?
11. Scroll to the bottom and click the XLS file link to download

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1. Return to the Catalog pane and add the lot polygon layer, as indicated in the Google sheet to your map. Your annotation point layer should already have been added to your map.
2. Return to the Geoprocessing pane, search "join" and click the Spatial Join tool.
3. For 'Target Features', use the drop-down menu to select your lots polygon layer.
4. For 'Join Features', use the drop-down menu to select your Annotation (containing the lot IDs) point layer.
5. For 'Output Feature Class', rename the feature class "LotsWithIDs".
6. Leave the rest of the defaults and click Run.

7. remove original lots, polygon, annotation

Add new field

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1. Figure out whether to do this in class or outside meetings or follow written instructions

2. TxtMemoClean

   TxtMemo.strip()

    

3. After join, show sort missing and reverse join to see which don't have it, or symbolize by join count (we don't have time for data cleaning)

4. Export with join

SESSION 3

JOINING TABULAR DATA

1. Add formatted Excel spreadsheet
2. In the Contents pane, right-click the LotsWithIDs layer and select Joins and Relates > Add Join.
3. For 'Layer Name or Table View' keep LotsWithIDs layer selected.
4. For 'Input Join Field', scroll down to the very bottom and select the TxtMemo field, or whichever field contains your unique lot IDs.
5. For 'Join Table', select your Excel table.
6. For 'Output Join Field', select the field containing the unique lot ID, as indicated below.

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1. 1. In the Contents pane, right-click the LotsWithIDs layer and select Attribute Table. Scroll to the right and ensure that your variables are appearing okay.
   2. (Can repeat the join process with multiple tables to create a single mega-table)
   3. Right-click LOTS_withID and select Export Features.
   4. For Output Feature Class, type "Lots_withData"
   5. Click Run.Lots_withData

SYMBOLOGY

Basic Symbology with Graduated Colors

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1. 1. At the top of the Contents pane, right-click on Map and select select New Group Layer.
   2. Drag and drop the related layers on top of the group layer.

SESSION

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4

Additional Symbology Options with Graduated Colors

1. 1. For 'Methods', preview Natural Breaks and Quantile at a minimum, referring to both the table and the histogram and think about the impacts on the appearance of the map.
   2. After your examination, you will likely want to round the values to facilitate quick interpretation (unless exact statistical breaks, such as quantile are required for another reason.) (In the demo, we rounded to 5/10/25/100 for Total Sherds)
   3. For 'Classes', we recommend reducing the number to 3 or 4, if possible, and no more than 5, unless you spend time customizing the colors to ensure the can be easily distinguished on the map.
   4. For 'Color scheme', use the drop-down menu to select the color ramp of your choice.
   5. To customize the color scheme, use the drop-down menu to select select Format color scheme....
   6. Click the triangle-shaped Reverse color scheme button to flip ramp.
   7. To adjust the colors used in a Continuous Color Scheme, click on one of the Stop color sliders and then use the Color drop-down menu below to select the desired color.
   8. To customize the polygon borders, in the Symbology pane, at the top-right of the Symbol table, click More and select format all symbols, properties tab, change outline color and/or width. For a map fully zoomed out, you will likely might want to completely remove the borders or the borders will completely obscure the fill colors of the polygon.

LAYOUTS

To create a new layout:

1. 1. On the ribbon, click the Insert tab and click the New Layout button.

   2. For a full page map intended for an appendix, select Letter 8.5" x 11", either Letter or Landscape depending on the aspect ratio of your intended content.

      Info
      If you were inserting an image into the body of your report or preparing it for a presentation, you would instead want to select Custom page size... and make something 6.5" wide for the body of a report or 7.5" x 10" for Presentation or 7.5" x 13.33" for wide screen.

To add map framesAdding your Map Frame:

1. 1. On the ribbon, click the Insert tab, click the Map Frame button and select the Map with a scale (e.g. 1:50,000).
   2. Click and hold the mouse button to draw a box on the page.

To create Create even borders:

1. 1. On the ribbon, click the contextual Map Frame Format tab.
   2. In the Size & Position group, type 7.5 x 9.5 for Width and Height.
   3. Type 0.5 x 0.5 for X and Y for the positioning from the bottom left corner of the page.

Adding inset maps into layout:

1. 1. Insert

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1. 1. map frame

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1. 1. again
   2. To pan and zoom within the layout, right click on the

How to activate map

1. 1. Right-click on Map Frame and click Activate.
   2. Pan and zoom as desired.
   3. Click red X to close activation.
   4. Select inset map
   5. In Contents pane, zoom to lots w/ data layer.

To insert an extent rectangle on the inset map.

1. 1. Ensure that the inset map is selected in the Layout View.
   2. On the ribbon, click the Extent Indicator button and click Map Frame.

To convert remove Service Layer Credits:

1. 1. Click Dynamic text, click Service Layer Credits, drag a box
   2. Basemaps Credit in sources section of report, but take off map.

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1. 1. Insert tab, Text group, Rectangle text button.
   2. Drag box in white space at top
   3. Type in title (e.g. "Appendix A: Total Sherds)
   4. At the top of the Element pane, click the Text Symbol tab.
   5. Expand the Appearance section to change font, something liek like 24 pt.
   6. Right-click text box > Align > Align to page
   7. Right-click text box > Align > Align to center

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Main frame and an inset index map

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SESSION 5

SPATIAL STATISTICS

Directional distribution

1. 1. Weighted by Quebradas sherds
   2. Repeat with 3 other eras

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Kernel density

To the layperson, when we say we would like to create a hotspot map, we are typically actually talking about a

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kernel density map. 

To convert features to points:

1. 1. On the Geoprocessing pane, go to Feature to Point
   2. Input Features would be any of your lot with data layers
   3. For the name of the input feature, choose the 'Lots_withData' input and add the word 'Centroid'
   4. Click 'Run'

Now, go back to the geoprocessing pane and search up "Kernel density"

1. 1. Input point or polyline features
      1. Choose the input that you just made, which is the 'Lots_withDataCentroid' input
   2. Population field
      1. Choose the field you want
   3. Output raster
      1. Name of the variable you're working on
   4. Output cell values
      1. Choose "Expected counts"
   5. Click 'Run'

One thing you may notice is that because this is a raster layer, we're seeing the grid cells.

Make sure that in the contents pane, your kernel density layer is selected.

If you go to the raster layer appearance tab in the ribbon, in the rendering group, there is a "Rendering type" button where you can change the view ex. nearest neighbor, linear, cubic.

The lower the choice, the smoother the cells will appear.

To choose the color ramp, click the layer in the contents pane, then press "Symbology" in the lower right corner of the geoprocessing pane.

Spatial Statistics Tools

Cluster and Outlier Analysis

1. 1. Input Feature
      1. Choose the 'Lots_withData' input
   2. Input Field
      1. Choose the one with the same counts (that you used before in Kernel Density)
   3. Run the rest with defaults
   4. Click 'Run'

Optimized hot spot

Cluster outlier